Have you ever heard of something called cyanobacteria? Most people know it by its common name: blue-green algae. This is a very dangerous algae that typically prefers to live in warm, nutrient-rich water. Both people and pets can get very sick from cyanobacteria. Under the right conditions, It can spread rapidly, or bloom. Unfortunately, these blooms are becoming much more common. A veterinarian discusses cyanobacteria below.
Warning Signs
Summer and early fall is when blue-green algae blooms most often occur, but they can start to grow anytime the water temperature exceeds 75°F. Many newscasts and local authorities will alert people when a body of water has been contaminated, and some post signs. But still, it can be easy to miss these updates. The EPA has a state-by-state map here with cyanobacteria resources. This is definitely something you want to check before taking Fido swimming!
Appearance
Blue-green algae typically looks like green paint or pea soup. It also has a swampy odor. You can’t judge by appearance alone, though. Smaller blooms may not alter the look (or smell) of a lake or pond very much, but they can still be dangerous. Still it’s worth noting, while not all algae blooms are harmful, you can’t tell by looking at a lake whether it is or isn’t safe. Better to be safe than sorry here: if in doubt, just stay out!
Contamination
As mentioned before, blue-green algae is very toxic. And you don’t have to drink contaminated water to get sick: skin contact or breathing in water droplets or vapors can also make you ill. This can happen when boating, swimming, or tubing. Cyanobacteria can also stick to pets’ fur, where they can later lick it off.
Pets
Any type of pet can get sick from blue-green algae, but dogs are particularly at risk, especially when they love to swim or splash around in water. Blue-green algae can cause liver failure and/or very serious neurological problems. It can also be fatal. Warning signs include vomiting, panting, seizures, respiratory problems, diarrhea, dizziness/disorientation, seizures, and excessive drooling. If you see any of these warning signs, call your veterinarian immediately. For urgent situations, our Emergency Veterinary Care service is available to provide immediate assistance and treatment for blue-green algae poisoning and other critical conditions.
Safety
As always, prevention is worth much more than a cure. When choosing Fido’s swimming holes, be very careful and don’t let him drink from ponds or lakes, especially ones with blue-green scum. While it’s important to be cautious, water activities can still be a great way for pets to cool off and have fun during hot weather. For safe alternatives and tips on enjoying water activities with your pet, check out our article on Summer Fun in the Water.
Do you have questions about pet care? Contact us, your animal clinic in West Greenwich, RI, today!
Our Advice on Blue-Green Algae in 2025
What specific toxins are produced by blue-green algae?
Blue-green algae, scientifically known as cyanobacteria, produce several potent toxins that pose serious health risks to both humans and animals. The primary toxins are microcystins and anatoxins. Microcystins are known to cause liver damage and can be fatal, affecting various species, including dogs. Anatoxins act as neurotoxins, rapidly affecting the nervous system and potentially leading to seizures and death. Exposure can occur through ingestion, direct contact with contaminated water, or inhalation of water droplets containing these toxins.
How quickly do symptoms of blue-green algae poisoning typically appear in pets after exposure?
Symptoms of blue-green algae poisoning in pets can appear rapidly, often within minutes to a few hours after exposure. The severity and quick onset of symptoms depend on the concentration of the toxins and the mode of exposure. Ingesting water contaminated with cyanobacteria can lead to acute manifestations like vomiting, diarrhea, seizures, and disorientation. Immediate veterinary attention is crucial as these symptoms can escalate quickly, potentially leading to severe complications such as liver failure or even death.
Can blue-green algae toxins accumulate in fish or other aquatic animals that pets might consume?
Yes, toxins from blue-green algae, primarily microcystins, can accumulate in fish and other aquatic animals residing in contaminated waters. When pets consume these affected animals, they risk secondary poisoning. Microcystins are hepatotoxins that can cause significant liver damage in both aquatic species and terrestrial animals that ingest them. This bioaccumulation poses a less direct but serious risk to pet health. Care should be taken to prevent pets from consuming fish or water from bodies known to harbor cyanobacterial blooms.
What steps should pet owners take if they suspect their pet has been exposed to blue-green algae?
If pet owners suspect exposure to blue-green algae, they should immediately remove their pet from the area to prevent further ingestion or contact. Rinse the animal with clean, fresh water to remove any residues from the fur. It’s crucial to avoid letting the pet lick itself before cleaning. Promptly seek veterinary care, as early intervention is vital. Symptoms can progress rapidly and may include vomiting, diarrhea, seizures, and severe liver damage. Inform the veterinarian about the potential exposure to ensure targeted and timely treatment.
Are there any particular geographic regions or types of bodies of water where blue-green algae blooms are more common?
Blue-green algae blooms are more prevalent in stagnant bodies of water, such as ponds and lakes, especially those that are nutrient-rich and warm. Geographic regions with high agricultural runoff or excessive use of fertilizers tend to have higher incidences of these blooms. Warm climates are particularly susceptible because higher temperatures and abundant sunlight foster the rapid growth of cyanobacteria. However, during hot, calm weather, even temperate regions can experience significant blooms. Monitoring local water conditions and advisories can help identify potentially affected areas.
!Social Media Icons